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Charles Vincent Massey (February 20, 1887December 30, 1967) was a Canadian lawyer and diplomat who served as Governor General of Canada, the 18th since Canadian Confederation. Massey was born into an influential Toronto family and was educated in Ontario and England, obtaining a degree in law and befriending future prime minister William Lyon Mackenzie King while studying at the University of Oxford. He was commissioned into the military in 1917 for the remainder of the First World War and, after a brief stint in the Canadian Cabinet, began his diplomatic career, serving in envoys to the United States and United Kingdom. Upon his return to Canada in 1946, Massey headed a royal commission on the arts between 1949 and 1951, which resulted in the Massey Report and subsequently the establishment of the National Library of Canada and the Canada Council of the Arts, amongst other grant-giving agencies. He was in 1952 appointed as governor general by King George VI, on the recommendation of Canadian Prime Minister Louis St. Laurent, to replace the Viscount Alexander of Tunis as viceroy, and he occupied the post until succeeded by Georges Vanier in 1959. Massey was the first Canadian-born individual to serve as Canada's governor general and he proved to be a successful transition for the office away from occupants who had consistently been both members of the peerage and born overseas. On September 16, 1925, Massey was sworn into the Queen's Privy Council for Canada, giving him the accordant style of ''The Honourable''. However, Massey was later, as a former Governor General of Canada, entitled to be styled for life with the superior form of ''The Right Honourable''. He subsequently continued his philanthropic work and founded Massey College at the University of Toronto and the Massey Lectures before he died on December 30, 1967. ==Early life, education, and career== Massey was born in Toronto, Ontario, as the son of Anna (née Vincent) and Chester Daniel Massey, the owner of the Massey-Harris Co. (predecessor company to the Massey-Ferguson Tractor Company) and the patriarch of one of the city's wealthiest families. The clan was strongly Methodist and played an important role in supporting local religious, cultural, and educational organisations, including Victoria University, Massey Hall, and the Metropolitan Methodist Church (now the Metropolitan United Church). Massey was thus raised amongst Toronto's elite, which would give him a number of social and familial connections throughout his life, as occurred with his younger brother, the actor Raymond Massey, his niece Anna Massey and his nephew Daniel Massey. Massey was raised in the family's mansion at 519 Jarvis Street and educated at St. Andrew's College,〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=Jarvis Mansion District > Jarvis Mansions Today > The Massey Mansion > Massey House History )〕 in Aurora, Ontario, before enrolling in University College at the University of Toronto (UofT), despite his family's close ties to Victoria College. There, he in 1907 enlisted in The Queen's Own Rifles of Canada and joined the Kappa Alpha Society,〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=History > Famous members )〕 through which he met his long-time friend and future prime minister of Canada, William Lyon Mackenzie King. After passing matriculation three years later with his Bachelor of Arts degree in history and English, Massey then went on to continue his education at Balliol College at the University of Oxford, earning his Master of Arts in history.〔 Feeling since his time as an undergraduate at UofT that the institution lacked a facility where its 4,000 students could engage in extracurricular activities, in 1911 Massey donated $16,290 to augment the money students had already raised for building a student centre and thereafter led the endowment and construction efforts.〔〔 In 1913, he returned to Toronto and became the first Dean of Men at the Victoria University residence his father had recently donated, Burwash Hall, as well as a lecturer on modern history at the college.〔〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=Library > Miscellaneous > Biographies > Vincent Massey )〕 Then, on June 4, 1915, Massey married Alice Parkin, the daughter of Sir George Robert Parkin, who was a former principal of Upper Canada College (UCC) and secretary of the Rhodes Trust; through the marriage, Massey later became the uncle of George Grant and the great-uncle to Michael Ignatieff. But, he was not with his new bride long before, at the end of 1914, the United Kingdom, and thus Canada along with it, had declared war on Germany. Massey was commissioned as an officer for Military District No. 2 and was called to work for the Cabinet war committee before being discharged at the cessation of hostilities in 1918. Once again a civilian, Massey started in 1921 as president of his father's business, while simultaneously pursuing philanthropic interests, mostly in arts and education, such as his collecting paintings and sculpture through his Massey Foundation, which he established in 1918. By the next year, UofT's social and athletic facility was complete and dedicated in memory of Massey's grandfather, Hart Massey, as Hart House; there, while he headed Massey-Harris Co., Massey participated as an amateur actor and director in the building's theatre.〔 But, in 1925 he resigned from the corporate life he was unsuited for and, as a friend of Mackenzie King, by then the Prime Minister of Canada, Massey was appointed on September 16, by Governor General the Viscount Byng of Vimy, to the King's Privy Council and was subsequently made a minister without portfolio in the Cabinet. It was desired that Massey, as a minister, hold a seat in the House of Commons, yet he failed to win his riding of Durham in the 1925 federal election,〔 held on October 29. Though he thereafter resigned his cabinet post, Massey was still included in the Canadian delegation to the 1926 Imperial Conference,〔 where was drafted the Balfour Declaration that would ultimately lead to vast constitutional changes in the role of the monarch and his viceroys throughout the former empire. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Vincent Massey」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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